From Brief19: Covid-19 And Blood Clots? Dermatologists Weigh | Figure 1

Figure1COVID-19

•Follow

Figure 1 COVID-19

Some actions are only available when you log in.

Report case

Report this to our moderators

From Brief19: Covid-19 And Blood Clots? Dermatologists Weigh In

You can view up to 4 cases without signing up Sign up for unlimited access

May 4, 2020

A case report posted for public viewing in a Google Document by a team of investigators led by a Yale physician describes the biopsy findings of a 22-year old otherwise healthy man with suspected covid-19 who developed small blood clots in his feet. The patient reported that the rash caused burning and pain. A previous report by another team of researchers described a covid-19 patient with similar skin findings. However, that group had not found evidence of clots. That team believed the rash in their patient to be similar to a condition known as "pernio" or "chilblains," which is caused by inflammation, usually in response to long-term repeated exposure to wet and cold temperatures. The team at Yale believes that the previous researchers' failure to identify evidence of blood clots may have been due to timing and location of the biopsy. In this current report, a deeper biopsy was performed. The hallmark signs of small but abnormal blood clots were observed. These "microthrombi" are similar to lesions found in the lungs in deceased covid-19 patients, (as previously described in Brief19). While only an unpublished case report, the findings contribute to a growing body of evidence suggesting that covid-19 causes (or is associated with) the development of blood clots.

However, the patient described in this paper had suspected, though not confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. A more compelling report would include multiple patients with confirmed infection.

Shared with permission from Brief19, a daily review of #covid-19 research and policy.

Read more in today’s Brief19


4 comments

Sign up to add a comment

Why you should join Figure 1

Sign up to explore now

Similar cases

\ \ May 27, 2020\ There have been reports that some patients with covid-19 develop neurologic symptoms. In April, a study appearing in JAMA found that patients with more severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to develop neurologic signs including strokes, loss of consciousness (or changes in general levels of alertness) and injury to the muscles of the body. A new study in The New England Journal of Medicine adds to this body of knowledge.\ The researchers gathered data on 64 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients who had been admitted to an intensive care unit in France with acute respiratory distress syndrome, a life-threatening complication of many diseases including covid-19.\ Concerning findings included evidence of disease to the corticospinal tract of the central nervous system, which is responsible for voluntary muscles, in 67 percent of the patients. These patients were seen to have more brisk reflexes, muscle spasms at the ankle (known as "clonus"), and abnormal reflexes on the soles of the feet. Amongst the patients, two were found to have experienced a stroke, and of eight who were considered at high risk of seizures, one had an abnormal EEG (electroencephalogram) which demonstrated findings that, while abnormal, were not specific to a specific disease. Interpretation of these findings poses significant challenges. It remains unclear whether these neurologic findings are specific to SARS-CoV-2 (including inflammatory crises caused by cytokines, for example), or whether such findings are only being detected because the "magnifying glass" is being applied to patients in ICUs such as the one described in this study. It is known, for example, that prolonged critical illnesses that require ICU medicine are associated with changes in brain cognition and neurologic function. Some of these changes are caused by powerful medications that must be used to keep patients alive and some are caused simply by the fact that the human mind and body are not "designed" to function in an environment like an ICU.\ Shared with permission from Brief19, a daily review of #covid-19 research and policy.](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/0eb40d0d-601f-4105-b221-35074cd9b447)

\ \ As COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) spreads across the world multiple therapeutic interventions have been tried to reduce morbidity and mortality. We describe a case of collapsing focal sclerosing glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and acute oxalate nephropathy in a patient treated with high-dose intravenous vitamin C for severe COVID-19 infection. Collapsing FSGS has been described in patients with COVID-19 infection associated with APOL-1; however, this case had collapsing FSGS developing in low-risk heterozygous APOL-1 variant, and we postulate that the intensity of the COVID-19 cytokine storm overwhelmed the protective state of APOL-1 heterozygosity. This case illustrates the importance of assessing the risk and benefit of planned therapeutic interventions on a case-by-case basis especially when there are still so many unknowns in the management of COVID-19 infection. Strong consideration should be given for performing a renal biopsy in patients who develop multifactorial acute kidney injury.](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/34708bcb-417f-4f1f-b918-1ecaf1fed1c7)

\ \ The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic revealed a myriad of postinfectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequelae, many of which remain poorly understood. We describe a rare presentation of a patient developing 2 simultaneous COVID-19 sequelae: transverse myelitis and acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS). There have been numerous published case reports of patients developing transverse myelitis after a diagnosis of COVID-19. However, none have described AVWS as an observed complication from SARS-CoV-2 infection. To our knowledge, this case report is the first to describe AVWS as a result of COVID-19 infection, suggesting that patients with a prior diagnosis of COVID-19 are susceptible to developing this rare bleeding disorder.](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/3b0aef1e-a1ec-41fc-8557-0c5af4e7c139)

\ \ April 14, 2020\ In a preprint of a randomized clinical trial posted in medRxiv, researchers in Brazil randomized patients to receive either the anti-malarial drug chloroquine (CQ) 600mg twice daily for ten days or 450mg low dose CQ for five days.\ Compared to low-dose CQ, patients receiving high dose CQ had more adverse cardiac effects (25 percent of patients’ hearts began to have abnormally long recovery times between beats, known as a “long QTc interval”) and even increased mortality (17 percent). When the researchers compared the patients in this study to those who had not received CQ, fatality rates were similar suggesting that the effects of CQ for covid-19 are negligible. It is important to note that only half of the patients assessed had laboratory-confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection. The other half had the “covid-19” syndrome, which was not confirmed by labs but, rather, by physicians’ suspicion only.\ Analysis: This “preprint publication” has not been peer-reviewed by experts. Other considerations: 1) These patients were also taking azithromycin, an antibiotic which, like CQ, is known to increase the QTc interval of the heart. So, the potentially dangerous cardiac side effect of CQ seen here may be synergistic with azithromycin. 2) It is possible that some of the patients without laboratory confirmed SARS-Cov-2 may have had viruses other than SARS-CoV-2. That said, despite some limitations, this is the first randomized clinical trial of CQ. These “negative results” are not unexpected. Randomized trials frequently deliver disappointing results for medications that have “anecdotal evidence showing promise” for a disease. This study casts serious doubt as to the effectiveness of CQ for treating covid-19.\ Worse, the results of this study provide some evidence that CQ (and its cousin hydroxychloroquine) might be harmful while not offering any help to covid-19 patients. Though many hospitals continue to use these medications, there remains no compelling evidence to support the routine use of CQ or hydroxychloroquine for treating covid-19 infection.\ Shared with permission from Brief19, a daily review of #covid-19 research and policy.](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/48f62049-d39a-471c-89b3-01c390abcef9)

Trending now

\ \ A 52-year-old man presented with a 20-minute history of chest pain radiating to the left shoulder and neck, associated with dyspnea and diaphoresis.\ He had a history of hypertension, long-term smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle.\ On physical examination, bibasilar crackles were noted on lung auscultation. An electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed in the primary care setting, and the patient was promptly referred to the emergency department.](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/ae0fe999-6875-4474-94f0-ad823dbb9b3a)

\ \ A 28-year-old woman presented with a 3-day history of intense pruritus over the lower back. She reported no recent travel or exposure to new environments. She cares for a small kennel with approximately eight dogs rescued from the streets.\ Physical examination revealed multiple small vesicles, some clustered and others scattered, predominantly involving the lumbar region and the left gluteal area.](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/c271070f-2bc7-4052-9895-635277e1a7d5)

\ \ A 4-month-old male infant presented with skin lesions localized to the chin for the past 3 days. Physical examination revealed multiple small pustules with surrounding inflammatory signs on the chin, along with a few scattered papules on the chest.](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/48f41642-b9db-4089-b120-a94ee52328de)

\ \ patient in late teens presenting after a collapse, no chest pain, no previous cardiac history, no history of sudden death in family, are there any features in this ekg that would warrant further work-up or is this just a pediatric ekg?](https://app.figure1.com/case-detail/2af390e1-ace8-40ed-ba1c-98fb2d72f4c5)