A 56-year-old woman with dual-chamber permanent pacemaker fo | Figure 1

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A 56-year-old woman with dual-chamber permanent pacemaker for complete heart block presented to the Cardiac Rhythm Device Clinic due to increased shortness of breath. What is your diagnosis and most reasonable approach in this case?

a) Ventricular lead dislodgement / chest radiography

b) Ventricular pacing with AV dissociation / pacemaker interrogation

c) Pacemaker malfunction and lead / device replacement

d) Left bundle branch block and AV complete block / chest radiography

e) Atrial tachycardia and ventricular pacing / pacemaker interrogation


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