Threatened miscarriage - need for ultrasound? | Figure 1

Threatened miscarriage - need for ultrasound?

HPI: 30yo pt, 17 weeks of pregnancy, comes to the ER complaining of recent onset of period-like vaginal bleeding, (20 min ago), referring bleeding appeared right after intercourse.

Had a previous episode of same characteristics 1 month ago which spontaneously solved.

H/ of unspecified vaginitis - not yet treated

Pelvic examination: external os open (1cm) internal closed. Light bleeding (dark color).

Managed expectantly (12-hour observation in ER). Normal vitals, No further vaginal bleeding after the first examination (only light brown spotting), never had abdominal pain.

Is this a threatened abortion or just cervical/vaginal trauma considering the intercourse factor and would you treat as an outpatient?

When would be the right timing to order a TV US?

Didn't find a fetal heartbeat with a handheld Doppler ultrasound device: would this finding be reliable considering that the pt is just 17 weeks pregnant?

Thanks


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