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Findings and Diagnosis

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Case Details

AP (image 1) and crosstable lateral (image 2) of the abdomen in a neonate born prematurely shows extensive pneumatosis (arrows) and portal venous gas (arrowhead). Necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common cause of pneumatosis in neonates. It typically occurs within the second or third week of life in prematurely born, formula-fed infants. Lateral radiographs are essential to evaluate for intraperitoneal free air as this changes the care from medical to surgical.

A 40 days old male infant, Exclusively breastfed, Vaccinated up to date presents with dry cough since 3 days. There is no chest congestion, fever or shortness of breath. On auscultation, chest is clear. Baby is continuously crying. His mother gives history of rash all over the body which first started on trunk then spread all over the body about 1 month back. Rash was treated after antibiotic ointment.

Probable Diagnosis

• What could be the probable diagnosis?
• Is cough due to previous rash?
• How should it be managed?

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